Method of making glass vessels



Jan. 15, 1929.

1,699,305 F. MEYER METHOD OF MAKING GLASS VESSELS Filed April 14, 1927 I 3 Sheets-Sheet l Jan. 15, 1929. 1",699,305

F. MEYER I METHOD OF MAKING GLASS VESSELS Filed April 14, 1927 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Witnesses. Inventor Jan. 15, 1929.

F. MEYER METHOD OF MAKING GLASS VESSELS Filed April 14, 1927 3 Sheets-Sheet Inventor '1, 1926; April Patented Jan. 15, 1929.

. rnmx MEYER, or AACHEN, GERMANY.

mncr'non or Maxine onass vnssmzs.

Application-filed April 14, 1927, Serial N: 183,875., and in Germany April 1, 1926.

- I have filed applications in Germany, April 19, 1926; June 17, 1926; November 20, 1926 December- 24, 1926 Austria,

March 21, 1927 Switzerland, March 21, 1927 Czechoslovakia, March 23,1927; Hungary, Magch 23, 1927 The N etherlands, March'26, 192. 1

The present invention pertains to a novel 1 and improved method for the manufacture of glass vessels or containers, and, in accordance with the principles thereof, one-end of a glass tube or similar, hollow, glass body is closed by fusing or drawing ed a part of the tube, and, while the closed end of the tubular body is still hotand soft, a tool of proper conformation is introduced through the open end of the tube and is pushed against the plastic closure to deform the hot glass thereof into an appropriately-shaped neck, the tool being then withdrawn, whereupon by fusing "and drawing oil a part of the remaining open end portion of the tube, bottom is formed.

This new method pei'mitsthe manufacture of closed vessels with internally uniform necks of any desired shape or form. r

A solid tool of any appropriate, heat-resist ing material may be employed when small necks are desired or when a part'of. the neck may be narrow, but, when it is necessary that the necks be of comparatively large size, in order to avoid their breaking oil, the tool should preferably be of an elastic construcor otherwise, a final tion, because if this were not the case, the tool in abstracting the heat of-the glass neck and thereby itself expanding might tend to cause a rupture of the neck, which, in giving ofl its heat to the tool, also tends to contract.

In order that those skilled in this art may have afull and complete understanding of the invention, several ways of satisfactorily practicing the process or method have been illustrated in the accompanying drawings forming a part'of' this specification.

In these drawings Figs. 1 to 6, inclusive, illustrate the manufacture of glass vessels, according to the present invention, in six different steps or stages;

Figs. 7 to 9, inclusive, depict a modification ofthe method in three stages;

Figs. 10 to 14, inclusive, show four successive steps in the production of glass vials or containers with constricted necks;

Fig. 15 illustrates the practice of theprocess with the employment of a longitudinallyslitted tool Fig, 16 shows form of tool; 1

Fig.1? represents the manner in which the niethod'is performed with the employment pf ]a tapered, longitudinally-slitted form of Figs. 18 and 19 show another style of tool in elevation and cross-section, respectively;

Figs. 20 and 21, in similar manner, portray a diiferent form or style of tool; 1

Figs. 22 and 23, in like manner, present another modified style of tool'.

According to the method or process illustrated in Figs. 1 to 6, inclusive, a glass tube a, shown in Fig. 1, is divided in the usual way by fusing by a flame into two' pieces or sections a and a (Fig. 2), each with itsbottom or end closure at one end only.

a modified, spirally-slitted Tools 6 and such heated, glass elements a a ,while their bottoms or end closures are still hot or plastic, and, by forcin these tools against such bottoms they are s haped or formed into necks or projections c and .0 respectively, Fig. 4. Thereupon, the points or ends of the necks may be opened or broken off and the two hot ies reversed so as to bring their open ends into register and into contact, whereupon they may be fused together to form a single container, as'shown in Fig. '5, having two necks or tapered extensions at its opposite ends. If it is desired to obtain two,'single,

glass vials or containers from such body, this may be accomplished by dividing the tubular element by fusing by a flame into two .glass ampoules or receptacles in the customary manner, each with its bottom as shown 1n Fig. 6.

A modified method of procedure is presented in Figs. 7 to 9, inclusive, and, in accordance with the same, after having'made a single glass container (1, as illustrated in Fig. 7, or two of them, in conformity with the process shown in Figs. 1 to 4, the open end of the body is flanged outwardly under the influence of a flame, giving astructure like that shown in Fig. 8. Then the article is.

softened by heat close to its flanged end and it is seized or grasped by a tool at the flan e, the latter part'being' withdrawn so that un er the influence of a flame we obtain two parts with bottoms, namely the glass vessel or container d and the wastespiece (1.

Another plan or course of action is preclosed in Figs. 5 and 6 or Figs.

sented step by step in Figs. 10 to 14,, inclusive, and, by this, there are first produced, according to the process of Figs. 1 and ,2, two tubular bodies 6 and c each with its bottom, as portrayed in Fi 10. Thereupon," tools f and f respectivdly, with conical points, Fig. 11, are introduced into these hollow, glass bodies while their bottoms or closures are still plastic and forced against such soft closures, thereby providing necks g and 9 respectively, as the tools are advanced properly into position. (See Fig. 12.) The tools f and f. are withdrawn and replaced by tools h and k with smaller pointed sections.

.The necks are then constricted at the desired locations, as far as the latter tools will permit', by means of flames so that, as a result, we have constricted necks i and respectively, whose internal diameters are equal to the diameters of the pointed employedisee Fig. 14). Further treatment takes place according to the practice dis- 8 and 9 and their correlated descriptions.

(Fig. 15 shows a tool m for forming a cylindrical neck a of a bottle from the plastic end closure n of a glass tube a. In this case the shaping tool is hollow and is provided with longitudinal slits so astobe elastic in a transverse direction whereby to avoid danger of breaking the formed neck by reason of the expansion ofthe tool or the'contraction of the glass of which the neck is composed.

Fig. 16 illustrates a similar tool m which,

' instead of being provided with longitudinal slits, has a spiral or helical slit giving the implement elasticity in both transverse and longitudinal directions.

A conical, lengthwise-slitted tool m is flrshownin Fig. 17 and it may be employed in much the same way, while Figs. 18 and 19 present a hollow, thin-walled tool m having an undulating or wavy cross-section, clearly" shown in Fig. 19, such instrumentbeing elastic in a transverse direction, and, while being used, transmitting heat directly only from apart of its outer surface.

Anbther hollow tool a is shown iii-Figs. 20 and 21 and the external surface of such sections of the tools In Figs. 22 and 23 a different style of tool is shown which consists of a plurality of circularly arranged rods 0 which are inserted from below into a plate p while at their upper ends they are supported in grooves of a split ring p Hence, this tool acts like a hollow, recessed tool and is, in addition, resilient in apross direction. 7

As those acquainted with this art will understand, the invention can be employed in many different ways, the scope of the invention be1n g defined by the appended claims.

I claim:

1. The method of forming a neck on a hollow glass body, consisting in moving axiallyrelatively to one another, a glass tube having a closed heated plastic end and a neck-forming tool introduced into such tube through its opposite open end, whereby said tool engages and deforms said end into a neck and subsequently withdrawing said tool from said tube through such open end thereof.

2. Fhe method of forming a neck on a hollow glass body, consisting in moving axially relatively to one another, a glass tube having a closed heated plastic end and a neckiorming tool introduced into such tube through its opposite open end, whereby said too% engages anddeforms said endinto a nec r, and ultimately from said tube through such opefi end thereof, and opening the end of said nec 3. The method of forming a hollow glass body, consisting in moving axially relatively to one another, a glass tube having a closed heated plastic end and a neck-forming tool introduced into such tube through its op-v posite open end, whereby said tool engages.

FELIX'MEYER.

withdrawing said tool fro m said neck 

